Asthma

Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, making breathing difficult. It often involves hyper-responsiveness of the airways to various triggers.

Common Symptoms:

Wheezing (a whistling sound during breathing).
Shortness of breath.
Chest tightness.
Coughing, especially at night or early morning.
Symptoms can worsen with exercise, cold air, allergens, irritants (smoke), or respiratory infections.

Diagnosis:

Medical History & Physical Exam:

Discussion of symptoms, triggers, and family history.
Lung Function Tests (Spirometry):

Measures how much air you can exhale and how quickly, often before and after using a bronchodilator.
Peak Flow Monitoring:

Measures how fast you can blow air out of your lungs.

Care & Treatment:

Trigger Avoidance:

Identifying and avoiding triggers (allergens, irritants, exercise in cold air).
Medications:

1.Reliever (Rescue) Inhalers (Short-acting Beta-agonists - SABAs): Provide quick relief of symptoms during an asthma attack by relaxing airway muscles.
2. Controller (Maintenance) Inhalers (Inhaled Corticosteroids - ICS): Taken daily to reduce airway inflammation and prevent attacks.
3. Long-acting Beta-agonists (LABAs): Used in combination with ICS for better control.
4. Leukotriene Modifiers: Oral medications to reduce inflammation.
5. Biologics: Injectable medications for severe asthma, targeting specific inflammatory pathways.
Asthma Action Plan:

A personalized plan outlining daily management, how to handle worsening symptoms, and when to seek emergency care.

Service

Common Symptoms:

Diagnosis:

Medical History & Physical Exam:

Lung Function Tests (Spirometry):

Peak Flow Monitoring:

Care & Treatment:

Trigger Avoidance:

Medications:

Asthma Action Plan:

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